SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Achieving Regional Growth Dynamics in African Agriculture

Edmeades, Svetlana.

The paper extends the household hedonic model, as a non-market valuation tool, by estimating a supply function for variety attributes of a subsistence crop in a developing country. The model is applied to bananas in Uganda, making use of disaggregated data on variety-specific farm-gate banana bunch prices and attributes. The hedonic analysis is applied at the farm-gate, the first link in the market chain, while accounting for the semi-subsistence nature of banana producing households. Within the framework of the agricultural household, where consumption and production decisions are non-separable, prices reflect the implicit marginal valuation of both consumption and production attributes jointly. The paper is motivated by the need to quantify the value of...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Small farms; Households models; Agricultural sector; Crops; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Variety attributes; Decision making; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55424

Abdulai, Awudu; Diao, Xinshen; Johnson, Michael.

This study focuses on public investments and policy reforms for leveraging growth spillovers at the African regional level. A conceptual framework that is built on the endogenous growth theory and the new economic geography is presented first to gain a better understanding of the underlying theory and empirical evidence on regional integration and growth spillovers. In order to demonstrate the potential benefits from greater cross-border technology spillovers in Africa, as well as from trade liberalization and investment in infrastructure, results from ex-ante simulations using partial and general equilibrium models are then presented and discussed. Results indicate that sizeable regional spillover benefits can be obtained by permitting greater crossborder...

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes

Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium Models C68; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; International Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58371

Tschirley, David L.; Flores, Luis; Mather, David.

Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...

Tipo: Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Central america; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93029

Agricultural Sector and Economic Growth in Tunisia: Evidence from Co-integration and Error Correction Mechanism

Chebbi, Houssem Eddine; Lachaal, Lassaad.

For the past two decades, Tunisia has been undertaken important structural reforms, which call in most cases for market and trade liberalization (agricultural structural adjustment program, GATT reforms, free trade area with the European Union). The private-led type of growth strategy with less government intervention has culminated these last years into a more rapid economic growth and openness. Within this context, this paper examines the agricultural sector role into the economic growth and its interactions with the other sectors using time-series co-integration techniques. We use annual data from 1961 to 2005 to estimate a VAR model that includes GDP indices of five sectors in Tunisian economy. Empirical results from this study indicate that in the...

Agriculture and poverty: Farming for food or farming for money?

Palavras-chave: Co-integration; Economic growth; Agricultural sector; Tunisia; International Development; C22; O13; Q18.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9416

Analysis of Development of Investments in the Agricultural Sector of the Czech Republic

Pauw, Kalie.

The dualistic nature of the South African economy manifests itself to a large extent in the agricultural sector, where ownership and access to land was previously reserved and is still mainly controlled by white farmers. This has contributed to the huge disparities in the income levels of black and white agricultural households. In this paper two South African household surveys are used to analyse agricultural inequality using various decomposition techniques. It is found that inequalities within agriculture are higher and more pronounced along racial lines than inequalities among non-agricultural households. Agricultural inequalities also differ structurally from those in the rest of society and are explained largely by differences in the ownership of...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Poverty; Inequality; Household income sources; Food Security and Poverty.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10122

Zidkova, Dana; Rezbova, Helena; Rosochatecka, Eva.

The aim of this article is to analyse the investment activities realized in the agricultural sector of the Czech Republic during the period of 1998-2009. The study focuses on the development of the volume of investments in agriculture, their composition and economic efficiency. The analysis is based on data from the Aggregate Agricultural Account drawn up by the Czech Statistical Office (Český statistický úřad, ČSÚ). Investment activity is studied on the basis of such indicators as the gross fixed capital formation, net fixed capital formation, gross investment rate, requirements for investments. The impact of selected factors influencing the gross fixed capital formation and its composition is evaluated

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Investment activities; Agricultural sector; Gross fixed capital formation; Requirements for investments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; GA; IN.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102492

Az Agrárgazdasági Tanács állásfoglalása az agrárgazdaság 2010 évi helyzetéről

Popp, Jozsef; Szekely, Csaba.

Összefoglalóan megállapítható, hogy 2010-ben kedvező fejlemény a gazdálkodók jövedelemhelyzetének javulása, valamint a növekvő mezőgazdasági és élelmiszer-ipari külkereskedelmi mérleg. Ugyanakkor továbbra is aggodalomra ad okot a kivitel és behozatal termékszerkezetének alakulása (feldolgozott termékek importhányada magas, exporthányada alacsony), a foglalkoztatás csökkenése, a növénytermelés és az állattenyésztés aránya, valamint a csökkenő támogatások hatására negatív jelenség volt a beruházások visszaesése. A jelentés pontos képet ad az élelmiszer-gazdaságról, azaz a termékpályáról, a dezintegráció és a nemzetközi versenyképesség problémáiról. A termékpálya szereplői mindaddig ki lesznek téve a hektikus ármozgásoknak, amíg nem jön létre közöttük bizalmi...

Tipo: Article

Palavras-chave: Agrárágazat; Agrárpolitika; Agrárszabályozás; Vidékfejlesztés; Környezetvédelem; Agricultural sector; Agricultural policy; Agricultural regime; Rural development; Protection of the environment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Political Economy.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119938

Az agrárszektorban elhelyezkedni szándékozó fi atalok vizsgálata

COMPETITIVENESS OF MILK AND WINE PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING IN ALBANIA

Komlosi, Eva.

A 2006-ban lefolytatott empirikus kutatás arra kereste a választ, hogy az agrárgazdaságban elhelyezkedni szándékozó fi atalok közül kinek van nagyobb esélye a szakmáján belüli helytállásra, melyek azok a tényezők, amelyek befolyásolják az eredményességet. Egyértelmű, hogy a fi atalok azon csoportjának nagyobb az esélye a helytállásra, akik kellőképpen elkötelezettek szakmájuk iránt, megfelelő mértékben motiváltak, nyitottak, illetve kreatívak. A kérdőíves felmérés rávilágított arra is, hogy a mintába került mezőgazdasági szakiskolai, szakközépiskolai tanulók, valamint agrár főiskolai/ egyetemi hallgatók szakmájuk iránti elkötelezettségét, hozzáállását a fi atalok családból hozott társadalmi, gazdasági és kulturális tőkéje, azaz az egyént jellemző...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Szelektív oktatási rendszer; Szocioökonómiai háttér; Szakma iránti elkötelezettség; Agrárszektor; Selective education system; Socio-economic background; Binding to profession; Agricultural sector; Labor and Human Capital.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58608

Petrick, Martin; Schreiber, Catrin; Weingarten, Peter.

This study provides an empirical assessment of the competitiveness of Albanian dairy and wine production, based on specifically collected survey data. For both product groups, the analysis is carried out on two levels: farm level production of raw material and processing and manufacturing of the final product in the food industry. In a third step, both levels are aggre-gated to analyse the competitiveness of the entire production chain for each product group. Overall, the wine sector appears in an economically more favourable situation than the milk sector. Although there is currently no relevant export of wine, there has been considerable in-vestment activity at the farm level and the harmonisation of quality standards with EU legislation is currently...

Critical success factors for weather risk transfer solutions in the agricultural sector: a reinsurer's view

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Competitiveness; Milk; Wine; Albania; P23; Q12; Q13; Agrarsektor; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Milch; Wein; Albanien; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14877

Roth, Michael; Ulardic, Christina; Trueb, Juerg.

Agricultural yield and commodity prices are very sensitive to weather patterns such as drought, excessive rain, or frost. As a result unseasonable weather can cause major losses for players in the agricultural value chain, including input providers, farmers, commodity traders, and food processors. The National Crop Insurance Service (NCIS) estimates that about 70% of the losses suffered by the US crop insurance scheme result from drought or excessive rainfall. In this paper information recorded by PriceWaterhouseCoopers on behalf of the Weather Risk Management Association is complemented by Swiss Re's market intelligence to examine demand patterns for weather risk transfer solutions. There is a particular focus on the evolution of demand from the energy...

Debt Financing and Efficiency in Agricultural Firms

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Weather risk transfer; Demand patterns; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9248

Alarcón, Silverio.

In this work the effects of large- and short-term debts on efficiency are tested on a set of agricultural firms. Accounting data of crop, livestock, mixed and service firms are used. First, the efficiencies of the farms are obtained by using nonparametric methods (input-oriented DEA). Then, in a second stage, censored regressions are run with different kinds of explicative variables, including financial ratios. The results show a significative and positive relationship between short-term indebtedness and efficiency, which would be agree with some theories positing that firms with higher short-run obligations make additional efforts to satisfy their payments, and this leads to an improvement of efficiency.

DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR – CASE OF SERBIA

Palavras-chave: Debt financing; Efficiency; Agricultural sector; Nonparametric methods; Agricultural Finance.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9436

Zubovic, Jovan; Domazet, Ivana; Stosic, Ivan.

New trends in global economy require greater capacity of the agricultural workforce. In order improve agricultural productivity it is needed to increase the level of human capital of the agrarian population. Human capital is accumulated knowledge, created in the long term process of human resources development, which begins in early stages and last all through the life, which is especially true for agricultural business. During transition Serbian economy went through major changes, with agriculture trailing to other sectors of the economy. Each farmer is producing only around 3,000 € gross added value per year, which is substantially lower than in other sectors. This paper will analyze what innovative activities are used worldwide in agriculture and give...

Do Cooperative Banks Really Serve Agricultural Sector in Poland?

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Productivity; Human capital; Education; Reform; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57491

Zawojska, Aldona; Siudek, Tomasz.

The aim of the paper is to assess the potential of cooperative banks for serving agricultural sector in Poland and to identify the areas with the most development potential. We discuss the transformation process in the cooperative banking system under market economy, and in particular investigate importance of cooperative banks for farms' financing on the basis of our survey of banks. Moreover, the role of cooperative banks in transmission of Government policy supporting farm sector in Poland is discussed. We find that despite growing competition from the commercial banking sector, farms and rural households in Poland are still of major importance for the cooperative banks in Poland.

EFEITOS DE CURTO E LONGO PRAZOS DE CHOQUES NA TAXA DE CÂMBIO REAL SOBRE O SALDO DA BALANÇA COMERCIAL AGROPECUÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Palavras-chave: Cooperative banks; Agricultural sector; Poland; Agricultural Finance; G21; O18; Q14.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24479

Scalco, Paulo Roberto; Carvalho, Henrique Duarte; Campos, Antonio Carvalho.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos de longo e curto prazos de choques na taxa de câmbio real sobre o saldo da balança comercial agropecuária brasileira. O procedimento metodológico empregado foi a análise multivariada descrita em Johansen (1988 e 1991) apud Hamilton (1994). Os resultados indicam que existe uma relação de longo prazo entre a depreciação na taxa de câmbio real e o saldo da balança comercial. Verifica-se que, no longo prazo, um aumento de 1,0 % da taxa de câmbio leva a uma expansão de 2,10 % no saldo da balança comercial. Esse resultado está consistente com a condição de Marshall-Lerner que afirma: no longo prazo, o efeito volume deve superar o efeito preço, promovendo, assim, um aumento no saldo da balança comercial. Entretanto,...

El sector agricola peruano y sus interrelaciones con el entorno macroeconomico: un modelo econometrico

Palavras-chave: Condição de Marshall-Lerner; Curva J; Taxa de câmbio; Balança comercial; Setor agropecuário; Marshall-Lerner condition; J-Curve; Exchange rate; Trade balance; Agricultural sector; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109536

Briceno Lira, Arturo.

Este documento plantea un modelo econométrico que permite cuantificar y simular el impacto de las políticas macroeconómicas sobre el desempeño agrícola de los principales cultivos de la agricultura nacional, clasificados en importables (trigo, arroz y maíz amarillo duro), exportables (café, algodón y azúcar) y no transables (papa). Una de las principales características del modelo es el uso de especificaciones econométricas dinámicas basadas en modelos de corrección de error para variables cointegradas.

Financial Development and International Trade: Regional and Sectoral Analysis

Palavras-chave: Sector agropecuario; Modelos econometricos; Agricultural sector; Econometric models; Peru; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; C50.

Ano: 1991

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42260

Susanto, Dwi; Rosson, C. Parr, III; Costa, Rafael F..

Financial development has been argued as a potential source of comparative advantage and its relationships with trade has been theoretically developed. This theory posits that countries that are well financially developed should experience greater volumes of international trade. We empirically investigate the effects of financial development on trade of both agricultural and manufactured products. The results show a positive impact of financial development on bilateral trade flows for the manufacturing sector, which enjoys a greater impact than the agricultural sector. The impacts differ across regions. In most cases, developing countries (Asia, Latin America, MENA and SSA) experience greater impacts of financial development on exports in both agriculture...

Globalization and Urban-Rural Migration in Taiwan

Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Comparative advantage; Financial development; International trade; Manufacturing sector; International Development; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102647

Huang, Fung-Mey.

In this study, we examine the association of urban-to-rural migration with the deterioration of labor market in urban sector due to the globalization of markets and production. Two measures of the relative impacts of globalization on urban and rural labor markets: changes in rural-urban real earning differential and changes in the rural-urban probabilities of being employed. We, thus, address the following questions. What would be the changes in both rural-urban real earning differential and the rural-urban differential in the probabilities of being employed over the last decade? Can real earning differentials or employment differentials, or both significantly influence the urban-to-rural migration decisions? Which one plays a pivotal role in the analysis?...

Growth Options and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: A Spatial Economywide Model Analysis for 2004-15

Palavras-chave: Globalization; Labor migration; Agricultural sector; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J31; I20.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9953

Diao, Xinshen; Nin Pratt, Alejandro; Ghautam, Madhur; Keough, James; Chamberlin, Jordan; You, Liangzhi; Puetz, Detlev; Resnick, Danielle; Yu, Bingxin.

Also published as EDRI-ESSP Policy Working Paper No. 2: Xinshen Diao; Alejandro Nin Pratt; Madhur Ghautam; James Keough; Jordan Chamberlin; Liangszi You; Detlev Puetz; Danielle Resnick; Bingxin Yu. 2005. Growth options and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: a spatial, economywide model analysis for 2004-15.

INCORPORATING BIOFUELS INTO A PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF THE EU AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; Millennium Development Goals; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Disaggregation; Household surveys; Ethiopia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58383

Binfield, Julian C.R.; Westhoff, Patrick C.; Le Cadre, Elodie.

The impact of increased consumption of biofuels on agricultural markets has already been substantial, and will increase further as countries around the world seek to expand the proportion of their energy that they get from renewable sources. Models of the agricultural sector must therefore include some consideration of the demand for agricultural products for biofuels and the byproducts that are produced as part of the production process that are returned to the agricultural sector. In this paper the method of introducing biofuels into the FAPRI GOLD (grains, oilseeds, livestock and dairy) model is discussed. A scenario is run whereby the EU is assumed to introduce a binding 10% target by 2020 and the results are discussed in order to illustrate the...